Anolis OS 8 for RISC-V 试用预览版引导流程

0. 免责声明
须知：RISC-V 体系结构的 Anolis OS 8 镜像只适用于体验与技术交流用途，龙蜥社区不会对其提供任何额外技术支持。
Note: Anolis OS 8 for RISC-V architecture is only for preview or development usage. Thus, OpenAnolis Community might not provide any supports for this image.


1. 背景
RISC-V 是一套遵循精简指令集（RISC）原则设计的开源指令集架构，允许开发者自由使用该指令集设计 CPU，而无需缴纳任何费用。开源体系结构在历史上并不少见，但是由于 RISC-V 凭借其出色的设计理念，在业内造成了很大轰动，并吸引了大量商业公司的关注。
Anolis OS 作为国内开源操作系统的探索者，在云计算领域稳步前进的同时积极拥抱新变化，致力于构建良好的社区生态环境，扩展了 RISC-V 产品线。今发布 Anolis OS 8 的 RISC-V 版本，供社区爱好者体验交流。

2. 运行环境准备
本说明文档以 fedora 35 为例，部署 RISC-V 镜像。需要注意的是，Anolis 8 的软件仓库当前尚未包含 qemu-system-riscv，该软件包将在后续加入 EPAO (Extra Package For Anolis OS, https://mirrors.openanolis.cn/epao/8/) 中。

首先需要安装 libvirt 与 QEMU.
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yum install libvirt
yum install qemu-system-riscv
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安装完成后，启动 libvirt 守护进程。如
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[root@anolis-booter ~]# systemctl start libvirtd
[root@anolis-booter ~]# systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-06-22 19:38:15 CST; 10s ago
TriggeredBy: ● libvirtd-ro.socket
             ● libvirtd.socket
             ○ libvirtd-tls.socket
             ○ libvirtd-tcp.socket
             ● libvirtd-admin.socket
       Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
             https://libvirt.org
   Main PID: 7664 (libvirtd)
      Tasks: 21 (limit: 32768)
     Memory: 14.2M
        CPU: 356ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
             ├─ 7664 /usr/sbin/libvirtd --timeout 120
             ├─ 7767 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
             └─ 7768 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper

Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: started, version 2.86 cachesize 150
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus no-UBus no-i18n IDN2 DHCP DHCPv6 no-Lua TFTP no-conntrack ipset auth cryptohash DNSSEC loop-detect inotify dumpfile
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq-dhcp[7767]: DHCP, IP range 192.168.122.2 -- 192.168.122.254, lease time 1h
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq-dhcp[7767]: DHCP, sockets bound exclusively to interface virbr0
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: reading /etc/resolv.conf
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: using nameserver 100.100.2.136#53
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: using nameserver 100.100.2.138#53
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: read /etc/hosts - 3 addresses
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq[7767]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.addnhosts - 0 addresses
Jun 22 19:38:15 anolis-booter dnsmasq-dhcp[7767]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile
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3. 准备相关文件
从软件源中获取相关文件，
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wget http://build.openanolis.cn/kojifiles/rsync/alt/risc-v/images/anolisos-disk-minimal-an8-Rawhide-sda.raw.xz
wget http://build.openanolis.cn/kojifiles/rsync/alt/risc-v/images/u-boot.bin
wget http://build.openanolis.cn/kojifiles/rsync/alt/risc-v/images/fw_dynamic.bin
unxz anolisos-disk-minimal-an8-Rawhide-sda.raw.xz
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创建实例的过程中，可能会存在权限问题，因此将以上文件移动到 /var/lib/libvirt/images/ 目录下.


镜像准备就绪后，我们还需要创建描述文件，在本例中，我们将其命名为 riscv.xml。
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<domain type='qemu' id='1'>
  <name>riscv64</name>
  <memory unit='KiB'>16777216</memory>
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>16777216</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement='static'>8</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch='riscv64' machine='virt'>hvm</type>
    <loader type='rom'>/var/lib/libvirt/images/fw_dynamic.bin</loader>
    <kernel>/var/lib/libvirt/images/u-boot.bin</kernel>
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <clock offset='utc'/>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-riscv64</emulator>
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/anolisos-disk-minimal-an8-Rawhide-sda.raw' index='1'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
      <alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x03' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pcie-root'>
      <alias name='pcie.0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='1' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='1' port='0x8'/>
      <alias name='pci.1'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='2' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='2' port='0x9'/>
      <alias name='pci.2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='3' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='3' port='0xa'/>
      <alias name='pci.3'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='4' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='4' port='0xb'/>
      <alias name='pci.4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x3'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='5' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='5' port='0xc'/>
      <alias name='pci.5'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x4'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
      <alias name='virtio-serial0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type='network'>
      <source network='default' portid='fc80166a-9af1-40b5-8572-53d6693721b3' bridge='virbr0'/>
      <target dev='vnet0'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <alias name='net0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x01' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/3'/>
      <target type='system-serial' port='0'>
        <model name='16550a'/>
      </target>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/3'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/3'/>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </console>
    <channel type='unix'>
      <source mode='bind' path='/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-1-rv64qb0/org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
      <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0' state='connected'/>
      <alias name='channel0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </channel>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <alias name='balloon0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x04' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
    <label>+107:+107</label>
    <imagelabel>+107:+107</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='none' relabel='yes'>
    <label>system_u:system_r:svirt_tcg_t:s0:c257,c805</label>
    <imagelabel>system_u:object_r:svirt_image_t:s0:c257,c805</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
</domain>
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4. 创建镜像实例
我们可以通过 virsh 创建实例，对于普通用户，可能需要使用 sudo 提升权限。
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sudo virsh create riscv.xml
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通过串口连接到实例。
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sudo virsh console riscv64
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5. 总结
作为一款新兴指令集架构，RISC-V 天生就带有颠覆芯片产业的基因。Anolis OS 将为构建开源共享的软硬件平台出自己独特的力量。